Skip to content
Evidentiality, not politeness

Source Door

A plain English past tense throws away the hedge Turkish keeps inside the verb. Before you announce the news, pick the door that matches what you actually know.

Read the Full Article
Four English doors leaving one Turkish -miş sentence: fact, inference, hearsay and surprise

What do you actually know?

Read the scene first. The red sentence is what people blurt. The door depends on your source, not on the grammar of that sentence.

1 / 8

What you actually know

Standup is about to start. A colleague's Slack message says someone saw a tweet. You have not called the investor, and you have not seen an email.

The sentence that throws the hedge away

The investor pulled out.

Which door?

Matched: 0 / 8

Reinforcement Quiz

Does the source survive the sentence?

5 questions · your score counts as XP

1/5

The company was founded in 1998. You were not there, but the date is in the registry. Which door?